Indicators of economics development

There is difference of opinion among the economics regarding the indicators of economics development.Normal Hicks and Paul streeten opine -"There is no consciences on only single measure
of development ".The economics development is the result of long-term changes.Due to these changes,it is difficult to prepare the definite criteria of development.The criteria of development changes with the passage of time.The main indicators or criteria of development can be explained as follows :

1. According to the economics like Meier,Paul Baran ,Becanan and Elis the increase in per capital income is the indicator or criterion of economics development.So if the increase in real income is higher then the increase in population growth rate,there is economics development. The regiment given in flavored of this criterion that the main objective of economics development is to raise the standard of living of people.This is possible only by an increase in per capital income of people.Hence,increase in per capital income is the indicators of economic development.
2. Increase in gross national product criteria :The economics development is defined as the increase in production of an economy over a time period.The best measure of production is the real GNP in constant price.The economists such as Simon Kuznets,Meier and Baldwin,Mead so on support this view.According to Meade -"The total income is the best medium of welfare than per,capital income."
3. Physical quality of index criteria :The belief that economic growth does not trickle down to the poor has given birth to the non-income indicator of development.One of them is PQLI,which was presented by Morris D.Morris.The PQLI is the composite of three indexes are ranked from 1 to 100.The zero indicates inferior and 100 indicates superior preference.The averages of three indices gives composite.
4. Basic needs criterion :The basic need criteria development by word bank is a complement to the per capital income criterion.The shorthand description of basic needs was income-public service+participation.According to this criteria,the development is evaluated on the basic of the fulfillment of the basic needs of population and the poor.The significance of this criterion is obvious from the statement made by Mahabub UI Haq -"The growth of GNP is absolutely necessary but that in must be directed intelligantealy toward solving the problems of mass poverty.
5. Human development index criteria (HDI):The HDI is the most recent indicator of development.This criteria was designed by united national development programme (UNDP) as a new way of measuring human progress in 1990.This indicator is related to three aspects of human life-income for decent living,education attainment and life expectancy.Like PQLI,the HDI also ranks each country from 0 scale to 1on the basic of these three objectives of development from 0.0to 0.50,medium human development from 0.51 to 0.79 and high human development from 0.80 to 1.0.